I think the white circles ou are talking about, are a common problem on RS8 wheels. take them off when the weather gets better and give them a really good clean and then seal them with something like poorboy's ex-p sealant or any other sealant you may have. Also if you don't want to damage the polished bit, i think MUC-OFF wheel cleaner is polished wheel friendly as i use it( but don't have polished wheels) and i think it says good on chrome wheels etc... However on detailing world they always say to use some all purpose cleaner like stardrops or daisy which is from tesco and to dilute like 1:4 etc and spray it on your wheels, let it dwell and then clean them. Hope this helps.
Shane.
Shane.